• Animal Chiropractic Properly applied animal chiropractic (AC) can be safe and effective. Only licensed health care professionals who have completed extensive postgraduate training should offer AC. By providing AC, veterinarians can help their patients achieve the highest lev...  more
  • Nutraceuticals Nutraceuticals are inexpensive, low-cost additions to conventional treatments for chronic disease. A large number of owners who use integrative veterinary medicine for their pets include nutraceuticals for their pets. Research is not robust, often in vitr...  more
  • Classical Homeopathy Homeopathy is a system of medicine based on the principle of “Let likes be cured by likes”, with determination of the appropriate medicine based on the patient’s unique presentation rather than a diagnostic name. The actions of the medicines are elucidate...  more
  • Clinical Application of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Small Animal Practice Rooted in over 4000 years of empirical knowledge and systematic documentation, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has evolved into a sophisticated therapeutic modality for managing various medical conditions. This article explores the clinical application of C...  more
  • Western Botanical Medicine for Small Animals The principles of veterinary botanical medicine emphasize addressing the root causes of illness, supporting physiologic processes, and utilizing whole herbs rather than isolated constituents for a holistic approach. Herb-drug interactions are a key consid...  more
  • The Rise of Fresh Foods Commercial data show that use of raw and fresh-cooked foods is on the rise. Raw diets have been around since the 1990s, and cooked frozen foods were first introduced around 2010. Part of the support put forward by veterinarians to discourage use of these ...  more
  • Ayurveda for Animals Ayurveda is one of the oldest medicinal systems still in use in the world. To utilize this medicinal system effectively, it is imperative to understand the theory and the philosophy of Ayurveda. This overview will go through the basics, including the phil...  more
  • Raw Foods While the pet food industry has been in a constant state of evolution since processed pet food became available commercially, the last 20 years have seen a sea change. This shift might be described as the minimally processed food uprising, and the industr...  more
  • Cannabis and Veterinary Medicine Cannabis and Veterinary Medicine explores the growing role of cannabis in veterinary medicine, highlighting its therapeutic potential and challenges. It discusses the complexities of the endocannabinoid system and its regulation of physiologic processes. ...  more
  • The Role of Acupuncture in Veterinary Medicine Veterinary acupuncture, a fundamental aspect of Traditional Chinese Medicine, has complemented conventional veterinary medical practices. Acupuncture has been adapted to treat various animal health conditions based on ancient principles such as Qi, meridi...  more
  • Current Practices and Considerations in Therapeutic Farriery for Equine Tendon and Ligament Injuries The overall objective of therapeutic farriery for equine tendon and ligament injuries is to provide a biomechanical environment conducive to healing by limiting excessive strain on the injured structure. With an understanding of equine limb anatomy and th...  more
  • Diagnosis and Strategies for the Treatment of Infectious Equine Tendon and Ligament Disorders Diagnostic and treatment strategies for infectious equine tendon and ligament disorders are continually evolving where recent progress is focused on advanced imaging and evidence supporting endoscopic lavage and regional antimicrobial therapy.
  • Current and Emerging Quantitative Imaging Modalities for Diagnosing and Monitoring Equine Tendon and Ligament Injuries Technological developments in imaging modalities have advanced the diagnostic capabilities for equine tendon and ligament injuries beyond the traditional methods. This review examines elastography techniques in ultrasonography that assess tissue stiffness...  more
  • Guidelines for Formulating Rehabilitation Strategies for Equine Tendon and Ligament Injuries Rehabilitation for tendon/ligament injury requires a multimodal approach to reduce pain, restore range of motion, improve proprioception/neuromotor control, and improve strength/endurance. Multiple tools are available to accomplish these goals. The rehabi...  more
  • Adjunct Therapies for Tendon/Ligament Healing High-power laser therapy and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) can be safely used to treat tendon and ligament injuries in horses, and the potential beneficial effects have been described. The power of low level lasers is not sufficient for treatme...  more
  • Current and Emerging Biologic Therapies for Equine Tendon and Ligament Injuries This review explores the use of biologics in the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries in horses, focusing on current and emerging therapies aimed at enhancing tissue repair and regeneration. It discusses the role of scaffold-based therapies, growth f...  more
  • Cellular and Matrix Dynamics of the Equine Tendon Our understanding of tendon homeostasis and repair following injury has made great strides through basic science, clinical veterinary medicine, and preclinical translational research. We have now gleaned a greater understanding of the cellular and matrix ...  more
  • Suspensory Ligament Injuries The location of a suspensory ligament (SL) injury heavily influences the clinical presentation, prognosis, and treatment options. Diagnostic imaging is necessary to provide an accurate diagnosis and is critical to ensure the institution of the most approp...  more
  • Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Surgical Treatment for Enhancing Intrathecal/Intrasynovial Tendon Injuries Intrathecal and intrasynovial tendon and ligament injuries can result in extrusion of tendon/ligament fibers, granuloma, and adhesion formation that not only impairs healing of the original injury but can create new injuries that negatively affect adequat...  more
  • Techniques for Equine Tendon Tenorrhaphy Equine tendon lacerations are not uncommon secondary to traumatic wounds and degloving lacerations. These wounds are often contaminated and, therefore, basic principles of wound assessment and management are critical to identify the extent of an injury. A...  more