Article Outline

• Introduction
• • Illicit drugs and small animals
  • Illicit drugs and large animals
  • The veterinarian and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
  • • Depressants
  • Marijuana
  • • Toxicity
    • Toxicokinetics
    • Mechanism of action
    • Clinical signs
    • Treatment
    • Pathology
  • Barbiturates
  • • Toxicity
    • Toxicokinetics
    • Mechanism of action
    • Clinical signs
    • Treatment
  • Opioids
  • • Toxicity
    • Toxicokinetics
    • Mechanism of action
    • Clinical signs
    • Treatment
  • Other CNS depressants
  • • Flunitrazepam
    • GHB
• Stimulants
• • Cocaine
  • • Toxicity
    • Toxicokinetics
    • Mechanism of action
    • Clinical signs
    • Treatment
  • Amphetamines
  • • Toxicity
    • Toxicokinetics
    • Mechanism of action
    • Clinical signs
    • Treatment
  • Other stimulants
  • • MDMA
    • Khat, mephedrone and methylenedioxypyrovalerone
    • Betel quid
• Hallucinogens and dissociative drugs
• • LSD and LSA
  • • Toxicity
    • Toxicokinetics
    • Mechanism of action
    • Clinical signs
    • Treatment
  • Phencyclidine and ketamine
  • • Toxicity
    • Toxicokinetics
    • Mechanism of action
    • Clinical signs
    • Treatment
  • Other compounds
  • • Mescaline
    • Salvia divinorum
• Conclusions
• References